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-- Exxon reports highest profit in US history (AGAIN)
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Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 06:13:

Exxon reports highest profit in US history (AGAIN)

Exxon Mobil sold the equivalent of the value of all assets in Hungary. This is insane. It'de be nice if they spent just 10% of it on renewable energy. Instead they spend more on advertising they care for the environment than they spend in research of green technology!! The CEO gets paid more than that too! Shell Oil on the other hand, is spending BILLIONS on renewables research. Exxon, a measly $100 million...

quote:
Exxon Mobil turns biggest US quarterly profit
Thursday July 31, 5:37 pm ET
By John Porretto, AP Business Writer
Oil gusher: Exxon Mobil turns record profit but faces backlash from Washington and investors

HOUSTON (AP) -- Exxon Mobil reported the fattest operating profit in U.S. corporate history Thursday but took a beating anyway -- from politicians railing against Big Oil, drivers bleeding cash at the pump and investors who expected more.

The world's largest publicly traded oil company turned a profit of $11.7 billion for the second quarter, lifted mostly by meteoric crude prices. Its earnings were up 14 percent from a year ago.

Total sales: $138 billion -- roughly the gross domestic product of Hungary.

Henry Hubble, Exxon Mobil's vice president for investor relations, said the record profits "highlight the quality of our integrated business model and disciplined investment approach."

For the most part, the plaudits ended there.

Despite their heft, Exxon's profits were a disappointment on Wall Street, and the company's stock slumped nearly 5 percent. Almost the entire energy industry was walloped by investors Thursday.

European rival Royal Dutch Shell posted its own record profit across the Atlantic, with earnings of $11.6 billion. Its American depository receipts tumbled nearly 4 percent in afternoon trading.

Growing investor apprehension can be found at the heart of what the oil industry does -- finding and producing oil and natural gas.

Exxon Mobil's overall output fell 8 percent in the second quarter from a year ago -- a significant blow for a company that generates more than two-thirds of its earnings from oil and gas production.

For Exxon Mobil, which produces 3 percent of the world's oil, finding new deposits of hydrocarbons is getting harder and harder. State-run oil companies like those in Saudi Arabia and Venezuela control about 80 percent of known global oil reserves. It's difficult if not impossible for Exxon and its competitors to get any part of that oil.

"It all comes down to production," said Brian Youngberg, an analyst with financial services firm Edward Jones. "This is the second straight quarter production came in below expectations. Investors are going to be questioning when they can turn that around."

Exxon Mobil was not alone in the industry in posting massive profits over the past week.

The reward? A broadening backlash from a public that is getting squeezed on fuel prices from every front.

Unleaded gas cost $3.74 per gallon at a Mobil station in Milwaukee, where Jeff and Jennine Pynn of Putnam Valley, N.Y., stopped Thursday during a 10-day road trip. "It's totally unfair," Jennine Pynn said as she pumped $47 worth into a Toyota Highlander. "You really hope to see them not turn so much of a profit."

Dan Owens of Muskego, Wis., drives about 100 miles a day as a sales representative for a packaging firm. He called Big Oil's profits "obscene."

"I'm all for making a profit -- it's the American way. But it's another thing to gouge," said Owens, 38, shaking his head. "It makes me feel like I'm getting ripped off."

While the oil companies insist they're trying to find new oil that might bring down gas prices, the money they spend on exploration pales compared with what they've spent in recent years on stock buybacks and dividends.

In the most recent quarter, Exxon Mobil said it spent $8 billion buying back stock, versus $7 billion on capital and exploration expenditures. The company has said it expects to spend $25 billion to $30 billion on capital and exploration projects each of the next five years.

In a letter to the five largest international oil companies released Thursday, some House and Senate Democrats demanded the companies spend more of their profits on U.S. production and renewable energy and less buying back their own stock.

"Given today's strong market incentive for expanding exploration and production, we can only believe that reinvesting your vast profits into the production of more oil and natural gas in the United States is a profitable strategy that will help our country decrease its dependence on foreign oil," said the letter from Sens. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., and Robert Menendez, D-N.J., and Reps. Rahm Emanuel, D-Ill., and Ed Markey, D-Mass.

The American Petroleum Institute, the industry's trade association, said Big Oil earnings are not out of line compared with earnings in other industrial sectors.

For example, the institute notes, Exxon's earnings amount to about 8.5 cents per dollar of sales, versus 11.6 cents for the companies making up the Dow Jones industrials.

"The oil and natural gas industry is massive because it has to be to effectively compete for global energy resources," said John Felmy, the API's chief economist. "The industry's earnings make possible the huge investments necessary to help ensure America's future energy needs are met."

He noted about two-fifths of publicly traded oil and gas company stock is owned by tens of millions of investors through retirement accounts and pensions.

The entire industry is not rolling in cash. Refiners, including Exxon Mobil, must also buy crude. The company's earnings from refining and marketing fell 54 percent in the quarter to $1.55 billion.

Profits for Marathon Oil Corp., also reported Thursday, fell roughly 50 percent. The company said it may split itself in two, with one company focused primarily on exploration and production and the other on refining and marketing.

Exxon shares fell 4.7 percent, or $3.95, to $80.43. After Marathon announced it may split off its refining operations, its shares jumped 9.6 percent, or $4.34, to $49.47.

AP Writer Dinesh Ramde in Milwaukee contributed to this report.


Posted by Kapedano on Aug-01-2008 06:17:

Good for Shell. Perhaps Exxon has a different business strategy then Shell? Why the fuck do you care anyways?


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 06:33:

they're operating at a 9% profit margin big fukkin deal. they also paid over 35% of their gross revenue in taxes.

like Kapedan said, good for them. i remember in the 90's big oil was about busted and they were either dropping like flys or merging with each other to stay afloat.

why don't people make political hay out of corporations that operate at 30% profit margins like Yahoo or Microsoft? because today its all about demagoguing big bad oil and paying out the nose for gasoline as a fashion statement


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 06:40:


Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 06:52:

They should stop putting on commercials trying to instill an impression they are actually investing in alternative energy projects, because $100 million is what? A university research department? Give me a break...

I'm not bombing on them for making a profit either, so don't you two jump to conclusions. If you don't think $12 billion profit isn't insane, then you're hopeless!


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 08:11:

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
They should stop putting on commercials trying to instill an impression they are actually investing in alternative energy projects, because $100 million is what? A university research department? Give me a break...


lets cut the bullshit Krypton. are you telling me that if you had the power you would make them spend more of their money on R&D or at least support Federal legislation to make them do so?


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 08:16:

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
If you don't think $12 billion profit isn't insane, then you're hopeless!


i think after paying taxes and all other expenditures, being told what to do with your profits is insane.


Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 08:30:

quote:
Originally posted by Q5echo
lets cut the bullshit Krypton. are you telling me that if you had the power you would make them spend more of their money on R&D or at least support Federal legislation to make them do so?


Never said that! But when I see a blantant lie, in my opinion, I'll point it out. No more f*ckin commercials spewing this bullshit that they are oh so caring about the environment, and they are working oh so hard at R&D of alternative energy. They CLEARLY ARE NOT! No more playing the Congressional Energy Committee like idiots. And never did I say the government should tell them how to use their profits!

But you know if I had my way, I would nationalize all oil reserves of this country. The oil would be ours. Drillers would drill. Sell the crude oil to a national oil company. That national oil company would then sell the crude to a refinery, and that refinery would carry on the distribution of the finished fuel product.


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 10:36:

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
And never did I say the government should tell them how to use their profits!


yeah but you'd "like to see 10% of their profits go toward renewable energy". wtf ever that means.

i have to assume your "renewable" reference is ethanol because Exxon/Mobile is a petroleum company. they're not a solar panel company or a wind turbine company...but guess what? they're not farmers either! and until the Federal government can get it's shit together on how they want to pipe the country for ethanol, ethanol will remain fueling around 2% of the market.

quote:
But you know if I had my way, I would nationalize all oil reserves of this country. The oil would be ours. Drillers would drill. Sell the crude oil to a national oil company. That national oil company would then sell the crude to a refinery, and that refinery would carry on the distribution of the finished fuel product.


alright Chavez, then can we dispense with this "authoritarian" meme you like to vomit all over this board at the drop of a hat please?


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 10:44:

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
The oil would be ours. Drillers would drill. Sell the crude oil to a national oil company.


then we'd all be riding the bus because the current Congress will not drill to meet supply. you going to force them to do that too? good luck.

what would be the point then? we should just keep buying all our fuel from foriegn sources. we'll pay $10 a gallon and no one makes a profit. yay

another fantastic read from Krauthammer

quote:
By Charles Krauthammer

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi opposes lifting the moratorium on drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and on the Outer Continental Shelf. She won�t even allow it to come to a vote. With $4 gas having massively shifted public opinion in favor of domestic production, she wants to protect her Democratic members from having to cast an anti-drilling election-year vote. Moreover, given the public mood, she might even lose. This cannot be permitted. Why? Because as she explained to Politico: �I�m trying to save the planet; I�m trying to save the planet.�

A lovely sentiment. But has Pelosi actually thought through the moratorium�s actual effects on the planet?

Consider: 25 years ago, nearly 60 percent of U.S. petroleum was produced domestically. Today it�s 25 percent. From its peak in 1970, U.S. production has declined a staggering 47 percent. The world consumes 86 million barrels a day; the United States, roughly 20 million. We need the stuff to run our cars and planes and economy. Where does it come from?

Places like Nigeria where chronic corruption, environmental neglect and resulting unrest and instability lead to pipeline explosions, oil spills, and illegal siphoning by the poverty-stricken population � which leads to more spills and explosions. Just this week, two Royal Dutch Shell pipelines had to be shut down because bombings by local militants were causing leaks into the ground.

Compare the Niger Delta to the Gulf of Mexico, where deep-sea U.S. oil rigs withstood Hurricanes Katrina and Rita without a single undersea well suffering a significant spill.

The United States has the highest technology to ensure the safest drilling. Today, directional drilling � essentially drilling down, then sideways � allows access to oil that in 1970 would have required a surface footprint more than three times as large. Additionally, the U.S. has one of the most extensive and least corrupt regulatory systems on the planet.

Does Pelosi imagine that with so much of America declared off-limits, the planet is less injured as drilling shifts to Kazakhstan and Venezuela and Equatorial Guinea? That Russia will be more environmentally scrupulous than we in drilling in its Arctic?

The net environmental effect of Pelosi�s no-drilling willfulness is negative. Outsourcing U.S. oil production does nothing to lessen worldwide environmental despoliation. It simply exports it to more corrupt, less efficient, more unstable parts of the world � thereby increasing net planetary damage.

Democrats want no oil from the American OCS or ANWR. But of course they do want more oil. From OPEC. From where Americans don�t vote. From places Democratic legislators can�t see. On May 13, Sen. Chuck Schumer � deeply committed to saving just those pieces of the planet that might have huge reserves of American oil � demanded that the Saudis increase production by a million barrels a day. It doesn�t occur to him that by eschewing the slightest disturbance of the mating habits of the Arctic caribou, he is calling for the further exploitation of the pristine deserts of Arabia. In the name of the planet, mind you.

The other panacea, yesterday�s rage, is biofuels: We can�t drill our way out of the crisis, it seems, but we can greenly grow our way out. By now, however, it is blindingly obvious even to Democrats that biofuels are a devastating force for environmental degradation. It has led to the rape of �lungs of the world� rainforests in Indonesia and Brazil as huge tracts have been destroyed to make room for palm oil and sugar plantations.

Here in the U.S., one out of every three ears of corn is stuffed into a gas tank (by way of ethanol), causing not just food shortages abroad and high prices at home, but intensive increases in farming with all of the attendant environmental problems (soil erosion, insecticide pollution, water consumption, etc.).

This to prevent drilling on an area in the Arctic one-sixth the size of Dulles Airport that leaves untouched a refuge one-third the size of Britain.

There are a dizzying number of economic and national security arguments for drilling at home: a $700-billion oil balance-of-payment deficit, a gas tax (equivalent) levied on the paychecks of American workers and poured into the treasuries of enemy and terror-supporting regimes, growing dependence on unstable states of the Persian Gulf and Caspian basin. Pelosi and the Democrats stand athwart shouting: We don�t care. We come to save the planet!

They seem blissfully unaware that the argument for their drill-there-not-here policy collapses on its own environmental terms.


Posted by Q5echo on Aug-01-2008 11:25:


Posted by Lemonad on Aug-01-2008 12:14:

"Unleaded gas cost $3.74 per gallon at a Mobil station in Milwaukee, where Jeff and Jennine Pynn of Putnam Valley, N.Y., stopped Thursday during a 10-day road trip. "It's totally unfair," Jennine Pynn said as she pumped $47 worth into a Toyota Highlander. "You really hope to see them not turn so much of a profit."

ffs, these kind of people are starting to peeve me off.

Is that even $1 a litre?

Unfair? Sheez, they should come down under or to any other country and pay our rates, we pay close to $1.80 a litre. How is that for fair?


Posted by LatinLover on Aug-01-2008 14:03:

Good for them!


Posted by Zild on Aug-01-2008 14:03:

quote:
Originally posted by Lemonad
"Unleaded gas cost $3.74 per gallon at a Mobil station in Milwaukee, where Jeff and Jennine Pynn of Putnam Valley, N.Y., stopped Thursday during a 10-day road trip. "It's totally unfair," Jennine Pynn said as she pumped $47 worth into a Toyota Highlander. "You really hope to see them not turn so much of a profit."

ffs, these kind of people are starting to peeve me off.

Is that even $1 a litre?

Unfair? Sheez, they should come down under or to any other country and pay our rates, we pay close to $1.80 a litre. How is that for fair?


You aren't thinking about all of the hidden costs we pay as Americans including blood. Google it, try 'hidden costs, american gasoline' that's what we call it.


Posted by The17sss on Aug-01-2008 17:08:

The way I see it, the oil companies are the only ones that are actually helping... they provide the resource that keep the economy going, and they get demonized for doing so. What the fuck does the government do to help? All they (the Dems) are doing is making our life more difficult. Robinhood, er, Obama is till gung ho about enacting Jimmy Carter's failed windfall profits tax idea (change?) that only decreased the supply and made us more dependant on foreign oil... oh, and don't forget to inflate your tires! Congress broke today and for the first time since the 1950s, members will skip town without either chamber having passed a single appropriations bill. They want american's suffering while Bush is still at the helm because they think it benefits them come vote time.

Democrats want to maximize the pain felt at the pump and at the grocery store in order to make Americans mad enough to support their vision of nationalized energy production and energy rationing. Power hungry fucks.


Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 18:19:

quote:
Originally posted by Q5echo
yeah but you'd "like to see 10% of their profits go toward renewable energy". wtf ever that means.


You'de like me to not have an opinion on their profits huh?

quote:
i have to assume your "renewable" reference is ethanol because Exxon/Mobile is a petroleum company. they're not a solar panel company or a wind turbine company...but guess what? they're not farmers either! and until the Federal government can get it's shit together on how they want to pipe the country for ethanol, ethanol will remain fueling around 2% of the market.


Ethanol? Are you crazy? I hope ethanol never gets made again.

quote:
alright Chavez, then can we dispense with this "authoritarian" meme you like to vomit all over this board at the drop of a hat please?


LOL. Do you know what authoritarianism is? It's warrant-less wiretapping. It's unilateral war making. It's political control of the Justice Department. It's torture of your prisoners. It's indefinite detainment. It is your unquestionable faith in authority no matter how many f*ck ups they do..

ANd if you want to call state control of all oil reserves "authoritarian", then let's call public schools authoritarian, or anything controlled by the state...authoritarian...PULEEEEEEZ...

I ALSO NEVER SAID NATIONALIZE THE OIL INDUSTRY!! That is what Chevez did. I said nationalize the OIL RESERVES. Private drillers, private refineries, private distribution. The drillers sell the crude oil to the government at the prevailing market price. The government sells the oil to the refinery. The refinery sells the finished fuels to the distributors or distributes it itself. The profit from oil sales would go into a fund for investment into alternative energy. This would also put incentive on the government to regulate the oil speculators with more force. This would bring down the price. I do not believe oil prices should be completely in the control of the market.

quote:
The way I see it, the oil companies are the only ones that are actually helping... they provide the resource that keep the economy going, and they get demonized for doing so. What the fuck does the government do to help? All they (the Dems) are doing is making our life more difficult. Robinhood, er, Obama is till gung ho about enacting Jimmy Carter's failed windfall profits tax idea (change?) that only decreased the supply and made us more dependant on foreign oil... oh, and don't forget to inflate your tires! Congress broke today and for the first time since the 1950s, members will skip town without either chamber having passed a single appropriations bill. They want american's suffering while Bush is still at the helm because they think it benefits them come vote time.

Democrats want to maximize the pain felt at the pump and at the grocery store in order to make Americans mad enough to support their vision of nationalized energy production and energy rationing. Power hungry fucks.


Are you going the way of the conspiracy theorist?


Posted by Shakka on Aug-01-2008 18:34:

Nationalizing anything is not a solution. It is government confiscation of wealth.


Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 19:36:

quote:
Originally posted by Shakka
Nationalizing anything is not a solution. It is government confiscation of wealth.


My solution isn't to nationalize the industry. My solution is the nationalize the commodity itself. My plan would be to create a state-corporation whose purpose would be to buy whatever crude oil is drilled out of the ground by private drillers. This would be done at the prevailing market price, additionally with some futures contracts between producer and state buyer. This state corporation would then sell the crude to the private refinery. Meanwhile, the state would cut down speculation in crude oil futures contracts would be cut down by the amount of leverage they are allowed to take. No crude oil drilled from American territory would not be allowed to be exported. All profits from the sale of crude oil by the state corporation would go into a fund which invests in alternative energy projects.

I believe this is a great solution to help bring down oil prices in the short term. It would also help enormously to help finance large scale alternative energy projects throughout the USA. The goal is to stop using oil completely.


Posted by jerZ07002 on Aug-01-2008 21:07:

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
My solution isn't to nationalize the industry. My solution is the nationalize the commodity itself. My plan would be to create a state-corporation whose purpose would be to buy whatever crude oil is drilled out of the ground by private drillers. This would be done at the prevailing market price, additionally with some futures contracts between producer and state buyer. This state corporation would then sell the crude to the private refinery. Meanwhile, the state would cut down speculation in crude oil futures contracts would be cut down by the amount of leverage they are allowed to take. No crude oil drilled from American territory would not be allowed to be exported. All profits from the sale of crude oil by the state corporation would go into a fund which invests in alternative energy projects.

I believe this is a great solution to help bring down oil prices in the short term. It would also help enormously to help finance large scale alternative energy projects throughout the USA. The goal is to stop using oil completely.


how is nationalizing the commodity any different than nationalizing the industry? in both cases the government is controlling the distribution of the product. in any event, if the government is required to purchase all the oil produced there is no independent market for the product so a true market rate could never be established. furthermore, this proposal would actually increase the cost of gas because you are adding another party to the equation.


on to my bit: good for exxon shareholders. the company doesn't have an obligation to produce alternative energy and its stupid to think they do. exxon is not an alt energy company, so they would be less efficient at it than other companies. exxon pays more federal tax than almost any single entity. they do their part. it's not exxon's fault our government hasn't formulated a policy that would promote energy independence. people (exxon shareholders) have a right to make as much money as possible, as i'm sure you also believe. if they were producing gum you wouldn't give a shit. leave the emotions out of the argument.


Posted by Krypton on Aug-01-2008 21:43:

quote:
Originally posted by jerZ07002
how is nationalizing the commodity any different than nationalizing the industry? in both cases the government is controlling the distribution of the product. in any event, if the government is required to purchase all the oil produced there is no independent market for the product so a true market rate could never be established. furthermore, this proposal would actually increase the cost of gas because you are adding another party to the equation.


It isn't nationalizing the industry because the means of production are not controlled by the government. The government would not control the means of distribution.

But you have mentioned something I didn't think of. If the government owns all the oil, then how can traders trade it on the market, and thus, how can there be a market price? I'm thinking the government could sell special oil securities backed by say a barrel of oil, and traders could trade that. If speculators start trading up the price unjustifiably, then the government could flood the market with these securities, and thus, drive the price down by diluting the holdings of the traders. But you know what? I think just the threat of that would drive prices down.

As for the premium for including an extra party to the "equation"..The state oil corporation wouldn't physically handle the oil, so no delay in the supply chain.


quote:
on to my bit: good for exxon shareholders. the company doesn't have an obligation to produce alternative energy and its stupid to think they do. exxon is not an alt energy company, so they would be less efficient at it than other companies. exxon pays more federal tax than almost any single entity. they do their part. it's not exxon's fault our government hasn't formulated a policy that would promote energy independence. people (exxon shareholders) have a right to make as much money as possible, as i'm sure you also believe. if they were producing gum you wouldn't give a shit. leave the emotions out of the argument.


Listen, they can spend their profits however they want, and they are free to make even world record breaking profits. But if they are running commercials (in my opinion is corporation propaganda) putting up the impression that they are somehow innovators in alternative energy, that they investing heavily in alternative energy, and all this crap, WHEN THEY AREN'T, then I think there is a problem.

Personally, I think they want to use high oil prices to convince Congress of opening up more areas for them to drill.

The proposal I have, I think is a much better alternative than drilling more hydrocarbons, and adding yet still more greenhouse gasses to our atmosphere, NOT THE MENTION, continue our oil addiction even longer. It's like recommending to a heroine addict who is in withdrawal, that they shoot up more heroine!!


Posted by Groundhog Boy on Aug-02-2008 01:40:

Re: Exxon reports highest profit in US history (AGAIN)

quote:
Originally posted by Krypton
Instead they spend more on advertising they care for the environment than they spend in research of green technology!! The CEO gets paid more than that too! Shell Oil on the other hand, is spending BILLIONS on renewables research. Exxon, a measly $100 million...

This is part of the issue that a lot of people have with how they spend their money.
quote:
The five biggest international oil companies plowed about 55 percent of the cash they made from their businesses into stock buybacks and dividends last year, up from 30 percent in 2000 and just 1 percent in 1993, according to Rice University's James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy.


Posted by Shakka on Aug-02-2008 01:56:

quote:
Originally posted by jerZ07002
how is nationalizing the commodity any different than nationalizing the industry? in both cases the government is controlling the distribution of the product. in any event, if the government is required to purchase all the oil produced there is no independent market for the product so a true market rate could never be established. furthermore, this proposal would actually increase the cost of gas because you are adding another party to the equation.


on to my bit: good for exxon shareholders. the company doesn't have an obligation to produce alternative energy and its stupid to think they do. exxon is not an alt energy company, so they would be less efficient at it than other companies. exxon pays more federal tax than almost any single entity. they do their part. it's not exxon's fault our government hasn't formulated a policy that would promote energy independence. people (exxon shareholders) have a right to make as much money as possible, as i'm sure you also believe. if they were producing gum you wouldn't give a shit. leave the emotions out of the argument.


I'm surprised to hear you say this (maybe I had an incorrect impression of your viewpoint), but I agree with you no less.


Posted by jerZ07002 on Aug-02-2008 21:17:

quote:
Originally posted by Shakka
I'm surprised to hear you say this (maybe I had an incorrect impression of your viewpoint), but I agree with you no less.


i am certainly a free market kind of guy. i also believe that in limited circumstances the government has a role to divert resources in the right direction because private citizens don't always make the best decisions for society (the degree to which is probably where our viewpoints don't agree). but in theory, i'm 100% on board with the free market philosophy.


Posted by St_Andrew on Aug-03-2008 16:04:

quote:
Originally posted by Q5echo
they're operating at a 9% profit margin


Hehe, exactly, their profit is only big because its a huge company! It's really insane that so many people (including politicians and media) keeps thinking that companies like Exxonmobil's profits are in any way unrealistic, because they are not!


Posted by mndeg on Aug-03-2008 19:25:

shell, exxon mobile, and other oil companies didn't get there by playing fair...

when the USA was just starting out and the west was not settled yet, companies would get people to sign away their rights to some land out west and they would in exchange give them a hooker and some alcohol. they cheated the government out of land that was supposed be developed to provide tax revenue for the state and instead they took control of vast amounts of stolen land and all the oil underneath it. not to mention how much of the land was used for farming by inefficient irrigation that was highly subsidized by the government in the building of dams that we today are destroying because they provide no benefit to anything.

it's essentially wealth by cheating.


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