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Some tips from a non expert;
+ Experiment with the position of the mic - maybe sing up towards it for example, until you find what you deem to be the sweet spot in terms of how you want your voice captured.
+ Given you wont have a properly treated room, try and locate the mic somewhere you feel the sound is right - for example not picking up lots of low rumble reflections off a wall.
Some great recordings have been captured in non professional recording enviroments because sometime a natural rooms ambience happens to compliment the voice
+ I'm assuming you have a fairly basic mic. Not ideal but again not the edn of the world - many many top tracks have used such mics. Above & Beyond for years used a £100 Rhode Mic - unless they lied that is.
+ Sing and sing again. For example Lady Gaga's producer sometimes has her sing the same parts 100 times. He then pics all the best bits and joins them up to give the impression of a single take. Depeds if you want it so polished or whether you want a more natural recording with 'flaws'.
+ Warm up your vocal chords first. I don't always agree with this because sometimes a cold performance can contain some nice snarly unexpected sounds you may never be able to repeat again. Sometimes the first take is the best take.
+ Cover your mic with a pop shield - you can make from a pair of tights and a coat hanger
+ Personally I sometimes find pillows / blankets set behind and above the mic can make for a more clear recording but other times I want the room ambience to be captured so wont bother with this step. Trial and error.
+ Once you've done the recording, next you listen back and edit out all the gliches such as when you take a cough between words etc etc. I would tend to make these manual edits and / or use a gate to get rid of extraneous noide
+ Now really just want to try and get it to be clear in the mix with the use of EQ, compression (usually several different compressors, some gentle, some maybe hard set)
+ Once all the basics are good, now it's time to add whatever fx you want
+ Don't forget you can do things like duplicate the vocal and slightly move one to thicken certain parts
Other folk here have far more info than me.
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