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a little FYI
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Def: where sometimes information in the semantic memory is somehow blocked and difficult to retrieve. It occurs when we are certain we know some piece of information but we can't come up with the answer when needed. This demonstrates the distinction between avilability and accessibility in the brain. A piece of info may be available but temporarily inaccessible given the retrieval cues. It is a difficult phenomenon to study because they occur spontaneously. They occur on average a few times a week and anecdotal evidence suggests they occur more often under stress.
During TOT, the consciousness is bombarded with alternatives (the wrong ones). They are not random alternatives however, they are somehow related to the target word. 50-75% of the time, people guess the first letter of the target word. We often think of words that are similar in sound or meaning. The syllabic structure is usually similar to the target word. This suggests our semantic organization is somewhat based on physical structures of words.
33-50% of the time, people come up with the correct answer in a few minutes while 25-50% of the time the answer just 'pops up' to consciousness which occurs because the nonconscious processes continue towards resolution even when it isnt in consciousness.
What causes TOT?
1) Incomplete Activation Account
- missing word is partially activated but not enough to bring it into consciousness which results in a retrieval process whereby we try to construct an idea of what the concept must be
2)Blocking View
- views TOT as a memory search that has taken a wrong turn and hit a dead end. when a memory search activates an incorrect answer, this incorrect response blocks the retrieval of the correct response
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