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the paper vs. plastic bag debate is FAR more complex than is being discussed here.
you need to evaluate the aggregate cost of producing the product from the very beginning. this includes harvesting/processing the raw materials, labour used, energy used, transport costs, etc. etc. etc. That analysis alone is probably ridiculous in scope.
you also need to consider the life cycle of the product. is it used once, twice? for a day, a year? is it reusable? recyclable? or is it just waste at the end? what happens to that waste? does it just 'harmlessly' occupy space (which is finite) or does it degrade and contaminate ecosystems, which then must be treated (and that spinoff cost has to factor into the overall analysis too)
you need to look at all costs ($$$, energy used, etc.) to dispose of or recycle the products. Just becuase two things are recyclable doesn't mean it costs the same, or uses the same energy, to do so.
also factor in that not all areas possess identical facilities to even recycle or dispose of plastic and paper and now your analysis changes depending upon what area you're looking at!
even with all that, I'm sure that I'm just skimming the surface of how complex the analysis of "what's better, paper or plastic" truly is...and that's assuming that those who are capable of this can even agree on the parameters of analysis in the first place.
ignoring ALL costs to produce, use, and dispose of or recycle a product is extremely short-sighted and is why most people favour paper bags. They think 'paper is recyclable...therefore paper must be better". it's far from that simple and some studies claim that the opposite is true...that when examining a wider range of factors, plastic may actually be "better".
'efficiency' is another short-sighted goal. of course improving efficiency is good...but efficiency doesn't address overall consumption. There's a reason that the phrase is "reduce, reuse, recycle" IN THAT ORDER.
Reducing overally consumption should be the ultimate goal...from start to finish. are we really "ahead" if cars become twice as efficient in 10 years, but there are 5 times as many of them on the road by that time? it's better than having no improvement in efficiency, but overall fuel consumption is still WAY up, isn't it! This is the very problem occuring in Asia with the rise of the middle class. FAR more people have cars today than before...so you can make all the "efficiency" improvements you want...it's not addressing the incredible rise in consumption, just mitigating it.
*sigh*
so the gov't, school boards, LCBO, etc. etc. When they implement these policies...I really wonder HOW CLOSE of a look are they taking at the overall issue or is it a knee jerk reaction based upon a flawed or incomplete analysis?
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