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I hope no one construes this as me being arrogant, but I am in my 4th year of a BSc. in physics so I've actually come across a lot of this.
First off 0/0:
although intially this is undefined, it technically does have an answer... it involves a calculus theorum known as L'Hopital's rule or theorum (I can't remember if it's a rule or a theorum - not a big deal though)... basically any equation like this in the physical world would be the result of some function or combination of functions (essentially some formula)... now what needs to happen is there needs to be a decision on whether the numerator is approaching 0 faster or the denominator is approaching 0 faster... this is done by taking the derivative of the numerator and then taking the derivative of the denominator... this process is repeated until one disappears and we are left with only the numerator or the denominator... if the numerator is left then the denominator approached 0 faster, and therefore the answer is infinity... if the denomenator is left then the numerator approached 0 faster and the answer is simply 0... so there is an answer to this... although I have never encountered an answer to the 0^0 problem that was posed so that one has me scratching my head.
Secondly Absolute 0:
drrzt81 was right in saying that you can never reach this point... this relates to a few fundamental theories of quantum mechanics, essentially the coolest point something can obtain is to basically eliminate all but it's spin potentials... and then you would align the spins of all of the atoms in the material... this produces what is known as bose einstein condensate... a material which essentially is in the lowest possible energy state... to really understand this you need to understand a few really complex things, stuff that is even confusing and mystical at my level of math and science.... so I'm not going to get into the gory details, partially for fear of getting it wrong, but the bottom line, absolute zero is a limit which materials can approach but they will never obtain because all atoms have an intrinsic spin associated with them....
Third Photons and mass:
photons have no mass, if they did have mass, the universe would essentially fall apart and we wouldn't exist, so we are pretty lucky that they don't have any sort of mass.... the reason for this is that photons act as something called a moderator... the essentially are passed back and forth by sub atomic particles and it is this passing that actually produces the electromagnetic force... essentially it is theorized that all forces are cause by a moderator of some sort, it has been shown that photons moderate electromagnetism, and pions and muons moderate strong nuclear force, antineutrino's moderate weak nuclear force... and it is postulated, although there is no evidence of this that there is a particle called a gravitron that moderates gravity... anti-neutrino's muon's and pion's all have mass and therefore have a life span so the force can only act over a certain distance, that is why atoms can only get so big, after a while the strong nuclear force can't traverse that distance and the nucleus of the atom falls apart... photons being massless can travel for an infinitely long time, hence the reason that the electomagnetic force extends forever... so if photons had mass then the electromagnetic force would act over a given distance and it would cause parts of the universe to move away from themselves... subsequently it would cause the big problems.... photons do have momentum though, I forgot the equations as to why though... it's at home somewhere...
finally, I haven't provided a thorough representation really of any of these ideas, to have these really make sense you need to see the equations as they say more than words ever could.... the problem is a large portion of the population doesn't have that kind of math background.... also I really didn't feel like typing out the whole idea... this just scratches the surfaces of theories that took me 4 long years to learn...
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